Updated 4 September 2019
The National Health Insurance (NHI) Bill is currently being discussed by the South African Parliament’s health portfolio committee before being published for public comment. Interested parties will have until 11 October 2019 to make written submissions to the committee.
Original article published 1 September 2018
On 21 June 2018, the government of South Africa introduced two draft bills to the National Assembly with the objective of bringing free universal healthcare to all South Africans, similar to the United Kingdom’s National Health Service.
Draft National Health Insurance (NHI) Bill and Medical Schemes Amendment (MSA) Bill have been published in the national gazette No. 41725 and No. 41726and are currently open for public comment until 21 September 2018 (three months after their publication). The changes introduced by the MSA aim to align the Act with the provisions of the NHI Bill to facilitate its implementation.
Overview
The bills aim to reduce the costs of the private healthcare while improving the quality of the public healthcare system to introduce a universal health system in South Africa. Private health insurance will be greatly impacted by the new reform. Schemes may choose to take on a supplementary or top-up role providing services not offered by NHI and MSA or to reduce the healthcare services they cover.
Key changes
The NHI would be financed through a compulsory NHI fund for South African citizens and legal long-term residents who can afford to pay, regardless whether they already have private health insurance. The bills would provide essential healthcare to all South African citizens and residents regardless of their employment status and whether they contribute to the NHI Fund.
The NHI Bill states that the National Treasury will set aside the annual NHI funding from the national budget, and the Health Minister announced that contributions will be based on income to ensure that the rich subsidize the poor and the young subsidize the elderly. The fund would strategically purchase healthcare services from public and private healthcare providers on behalf of users. The contribution details and the financing are still unclear at this point.
If passed, the key changes to the MSA would include:
- Medical costs would be paid in full by the medical scheme. Copayments and coinsurance would be abolished.
- The minimum education requirements, roles, responsibilities and expertise of the members of the medical board of trustees that manage, direct and oversee the operation and management of the business of the medical scheme, have been clearly defined in the draft bill.
- The role of brokers and related fees and services are defined in the draft bill even though the broker role has been questioned by Health Minister, Dr. Aaron Motsoaledi.
- To be accredited by the NHI fund, medical schemes must replace the “prescribed minimum benefits” by a list of “comprehensive service benefits,” which would include family planning, vaccination, screening, wellness, among others. The healthcare services that will be covered by private insurance still need to be determined.
- Medical schemes will no longer be able to register any benefit option without the approval of the registrar of the Council for Medical Schemes. This is intended to avoid any potential unfair benefit options.
- Nonregistered entities carrying on the business of medical schemes would face penalties. Therefore, businesses such as hospital cash back plans will have to be registered in the future.
- A central register will be created and managed by the Council for Medical Schemes. The central register is a database where all South African citizens and residents would be registered to assess risks within medical schemes and identify trends.
- The bill would remove penalties for waiting periods and people who join the plan later. Underwriting would therefore not apply for an interruption in coverage of less than six months.
Next steps
The bills are still a work in progress as they can still be amended at the end of the public participation period. The feasibility of a universal healthcare system in South Africa has been questioned and the NHI has faced a lot of criticism mainly regarding the program’s financing. At this stage, it is still unclear how and when the bills will be implemented.
Useful resources
Government Gazette No. 41725 – 21 June 2018 – Draft National Health Insurance Bill
Government Gazette No. 41726 – 21 June 2018 – Draft Medical Schemes Amendment Bill